Paraffin Wax  : 
A white waxy substance, tasteless and odorless, and obtained from petroleum by distillation. It is used in candles, as a sealing agent , as a waterproofing agent, as an illuminant and as a lubricant. It is very inert, not being acted upon by most of the strong chemical reagents. It can be used with or without additives to create different kind of candles.

colorless or white, somewhat transparent, hard wax consisting of a mixture of solid straight-chain hydrocarbons ranging in melting point from about 48° to 66° C (120° to 150° F). Paraffin wax is obtained from petroleum by de-waxing light lubricating oil stocks. It is used in candles, wax paper, polishes, cosmetics, and electrical insulators. It assists in extracting perfumes from flowers, forms a base for medical ointments, and supplies a waterproof coating for wood. In wood and paper matches, it helps to ignite the matchstick by supplying an easily vaporized hydrocarbon fuel.

Paraffin wax was first produced commercially in 1867, less than 10 years after the first petroleum well was drilled. Paraffin wax precipitates readily from petroleum on chilling. Technical progress has served only to make the separations and filtration more efficient and economical. Snow-white and harder than petroleum paraffin wax, the synthetic product has a unique character and high purity that make it a suitable replacement for certain vegetable waxes and as a modifier for petroleum waxes and for some plastics, such as polyethylene. These wax dispersions serve as heavy-duty floor wax, as waterproofing for textiles and paper, as tanning agents for leather, as metal-drawing lubricants, as rust preventives, and for masonry and concrete treatment.

• Paraffin waxes have a distinctive crystalline structure, are pale yellow to white (or colorless) and have a melting point range between 122 and 140°F (50 and 60°C).
• Microcrystalline waxes have a poorly defined crystalline structure, darker color, higher viscosity, and higher melting points — ranging from 140 and 199°F (63 and 93°C)

Paraffin wax is a white, cream, yellow or colorless soft solid derivable from petroleum, a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms. It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 60°C.It‘s flash point is about 250 C  .

Common applications for paraffin wax are candle making, cosmetics, food industry, lubrication, electrical insulation.

It has different grades based on 2 main characteristics: oil content and melting point

The mains categories are light or heavy paraffin wax

-fully refined paraffin wax

The oil content must be <1%   , color is transparent, it is very hard not easy to break, it is used in cosmetic or medical and also food industry.

Lipstick, cream, oily papers, chocolate are the most usage of fully refined paraffin wax

In other fields of industry like candle making is also possible to used fully refined paraffin wax and the quality will be great but it effect the price since fully refined paraffin wax is the most expensive grade.

It is produced in 5 kg slabs which can be packed in carton or gunny.

- semi refined paraffin wax  

It has more than 1% oil content. it is used in PVC , laminate , candle making and matches industry .

The price is lower than fully refined paraffin wax .

For candle making and match industry the quality is very good .

It is produced in 5 kg slabs which can be packed in carton or gunny.

Categorizing is based on a range of oil content : 1-2% , 1-3% , 3-5% , 5-7% , 7-10% 

For example in paraffin grade 1-3% slabs of paraffin may have 1% , 1.8% , 2% , 2.6% ….. 3%  oil content

But the maximum should be 3% not more than that .

Paraffin is used in mild and cold weather countries like : Ukraine , turkey , Germany , England , Russia , France , Italy , Norway , Netherland , Finland , Switzerland , Sweden , Denmark , Canada , Australia , New Zealand And also hot weather countries like South Africa , India, Pakistan , Kenya , UAE , Venezuela , Thailand , Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq , Bahrain , Jordan , Ghana , Colombia , Brazil .

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Paraffin wax

 (derived from latin parum affinis, [little affinity])
A white waxy substance, resembling spermaceti, tasteless and odorless, and obtained from coal tar, wood tar, petroleum, etc., by distillation. It is used in candles, as a sealing agent (such as in canning of preserves), as a waterproofing agent, as an illuminant and as a lubricant. It is very inert, not being acted upon by most of the strong chemical reagents. It was formerly regarded as a definite compound, but is now known to be a complex mixture of several higher hydrocarbons of the methane or marsh-gas series

Paraffin  derived from petroleum, colorless, odourless, unexpensive, widely available (the straight kind, anyway), easy to manipulate, to proportion and to use, can be used with or without additives tp create different kind of candles.

When you buy paraffin wax to make candles, most of the time it is sold by weight and conditionned as wax pellets. Such a conditioning is ideal as it makes it easy for you to store, manipulate and proportion.

If you live in the United States, chances are you'll never use basic paraffin because there's a wide range of pre-blends available, specially formulated for a specific type of candle. But if you're a beginner, you can learn a lot by playing around with pure paraffin and additives as most european candlemakers have to, due to the unavailability of pre-blends in these countries.

Straight paraffin usually comes with a melting point (MP) of 140°F, which limits its use for "hard" candles like Pillars or Votives.

It comes free of any additive so the odds are great you'll need to add one or several additives, depending upon the type of candle you're planning to make.

But let's start with the beginning: straight paraffin wax is great for the beginner candlemaker and will allow you to familiarise yourself with the different additives, their effect when used in different quantities and also with the ideal pouring temperature in such or such case.

paraffin wax,  colourless or white, somewhat translucent, hard wax consisting of a mixture of solid straight-chain hydrocarbons ranging in melting point from about 48° to 66° C (120° to 150° F). Paraffin wax is obtained from petroleum by dewaxing light lubricating oil stocks. It is used in candles, wax paper, polishes, cosmetics, and electrical insulators. It assists in extracting perfumes from flowers, forms a base for medical ointments, and supplies a waterproof coating for wood. In wood and paper matches, it helps to ignite the matchstick by supplying an easily vaporized hydrocarbon fuel.

Paraffin wax was first produced commercially in 1867, less than 10 years after the first petroleum well was drilled. Paraffin wax precipitates readily from petroleum on chilling. Technical progress has served only to make the separations and filtration more efficient and economical. Purification methods consist of chemical treatment, decolorization by adsorbents, and fractionation of the separated waxes into grades by distillation, recrystallization, or both. Crude oils differ widely in wax content.

Synthetic paraffin wax was introduced commercially after World War II as one of the products obtained in the Fischer–Tropsch reaction, which converts coal gas to hydrocarbons. Snow-white and harder than petroleum paraffin wax, the synthetic product has a unique character and high purity that make it a suitable replacement for certain vegetable waxes and as a modifier for petroleum waxes and for some plastics, such as polyethylene. Synthetic paraffin waxes may be oxidized to yield pale-yellow, hard waxes of high molecular weight that can be saponified with aqueous solutions of organic or inorganic alkalies, such as borax, sodium hydroxide, triethanolamine, and morpholine. These wax dispersions serve as heavy-duty floor wax, as waterproofing for textiles and paper, as tanning agents for leather, as metal-drawing lubricants, as rust preventives, and for masonry and concrete treatment.

• Paraffin waxes have a distinctive crystalline structure, are pale yellow to white (or colorless) and have a melting point range between 122 and 140°F (50 and 60°C).

• Microcrystalline waxes

•  have a poorly defined crystalline structure, darker color, higher viscosity, and higher melting points — ranging from 140 and 199°F (63 and 93°C)

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